Category Archives: ruminations

Torontonians pay high price for nurturing urban forests

cxqxvimviaiudoj-1For years the sentinel Manitoba maple in our back garden observed it all.

At first, my father diligently pruned the branches to keep the canopy close to the deck where it could provide shade in an otherwise open area. Over the years, he tired of the practice and stopped keeping the branches in check. They shot weedily upward and outward, transforming the maple into an unusual shape.

A few years ago, he hoped one particularly long tentacle branch would make its skinny way in easterly fashion around the long south side of the house to the front garden. Although he nurtured it and willed it to grow, one day when it seemed as though it might fall off the tree, it was pruned back – but not by his hand.

The garden eventually became a small forest, with the massive maple the focal point of all the trees and vegetation. We also had cedars, yews and other hedges, which like the trees, provided homes and exploration areas for birds, squirrels, and oftentimes raccoons and other critters.

A sumac Tree of Heaven for years competed alongside a smaller sister tree growing right through the shed roof at the urban western edge of the property where fence meets lane.

The carpenter who built the shed told my father that if it were built around the smaller sumac, the tree would choke to death, eliminating the need for costly city approval to have it removed. My father agreed and not so secretly hoped that as the trunk grew, the shed would rise in tandem, eventually becoming a tree house.

It never came to pass. The shed stayed affixed to terra firma, but pressure from the expanding trunk meant the roof sprang leaks. The branches of the smaller sumac pushed upward into the branches of the bigger tree. The trunk bubbled out over the edges of the metal collar in which the carpenter had enclosed it, making the bark look like it was overflowing from a cooking pot. The branches grew fewer leaves as the years passed.

Another, smaller Manitoba maple grew close to our house on the northern boundary between our property and the adjoining property. It reacted poorly to the intense pruning it received from the neighbors, as it began to bend, then grow outward on a 20-degree angle over the next-door property. Nonetheless, for many years it benefited on its journey northward from a hole benevolently cut in our fence under my father’s direction to help it expand.

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Other trees, mostly sumacs, grew up on the neighbor’s side of the south fence – at some point their garden became a veritable forest in its own right.

One year, at my father’s annual Canada Day party on July 1, a visiting journalist with a self-assigned beat covering the Hell’s Angels motorcycle club was sitting on the deck beneath the maple. He suddenly announced that a squirrel had puked on him, raising eyebrows among the other guests at the time, and, in subsequent years in his absence, endless jokes about the phenomenon.

Just this year,  some unidentifiable liquid landed on my arm from the tree, validating what we had long suspected was fiction. In retrospect, two suspected squirrel vomit attacks over so many years is not that bad.

After his retirement, my father spent as much time as he could outdoors. In the garden, he swept up seeds, branches and leaves from the very same trees, he shoveled snow, walked throughout the city, drank cappuccino on restaurant patios or on our deck under the maple.

Despite his hard work pruning, so much dead wood eventually built up in the tall trees, they seemed to be a safety hazard. The northern neighbor’s side of the big Manitoba maple began to die off. Perhaps unsurprisingly, the main, healthier boughs appeared to tilt more towards the south away from their house and towards ours as it tried to protect itself from human threats.

EXPERTS WEIGH IN

Our dense urban forest eventually became a real concern, so this summer, I asked several tree specialists to visit and dispense advice on how best to manage it.

One specialist gave us a foreboding warning, telling us by no means to sit under the big tree branch for fear that it might fall and crush someone to death, but declined the job of pruning it.

Others seemed enchanted by the rare sight of a tree growing inside the shed and out through the roof. Another never appeared. One never provided a quote.

The quotes for the work amounted to thousands of dollars, although we did not need city permits to cut down the small sumac tree growing through the shed roof or the one bending into the neighbor’s garden because their trunk girths were small enough. Once a tree trunk hits a certain size, chopping it down becomes a costly and complicated exercise requiring approval from City Hall bureaucrats.

Due to the similarity of the estimates, I decided to recruit the aid of an urban forester who spent the most time examining the trees and who seemed most knowledgeable.

Several months later, after paying a hefty deposit and engaging in much email to and fro over when the work would actually happen, three other men showed up to do the pruning, chopping and chipping work.

We had the Tree of Heaven in the shed cut off just below the roof, so the trunk can still be used as a pillar to hang tools and garden paraphernalia inside it. We had the deadwood cut from the big Manitoba maple and from another Tree of Heaven on the south side of the property.

Now neatly pruned and reduced as a result of much scary-looking clambering about in the tree by the pruners, the branches of the Manitoba maple extend elegantly upward like the crinkly fingers of a big hand reaching toward the sky.

Most of the autumnal leaves fell or disappeared during the intense activity by the pruner whose declared intention was to eliminate branches upon which snow and ice could potentially build up ultimately causing the branches to break.

Squirrel and bird perches were chopped off.

Overall, both the cost and the neat appearance of the garden were a shock. The trees now look much happier.The leafy finale had me wondering whether any wildlife would re-emerge, but the squirrels and birds returned the following day, albeit extremely high up in the branches where they can still nibble on the remaining maple keys.

The cedars at the front of the house have been trimmed into giant green balls for years. They had outgrown their space, according to the forester. Trimming them had become tantamount to performing major surgery, requiring ladders and several different types of pruning tools. My arms would become very scratched and itchy and it was difficult to prevent the cedars from becoming bald.

The urban foresters mercilessly — or mercifully — hacked the cedars down with a chainsaw, and they are due for replacement next year.

If the trees had been growing on city property, they would have cost nothing to prune or remove. Because they were not, it became clear why so many people in Toronto pave over gardens to prevent trees from growing and to avoid incurring phenomenal costs.

Trees store carbon and can mitigate the effects of climate change-related global warming, so it’s best to keep as much canopy as possible. In cities, cooling tree canopies near buildings can help reduce the need for air conditioning. In rural areas, often crops can be grown under tree canopies.

I’m not sure exactly what my dad would think about the pruned trees, but I suspect he would have preferred the untamed wilderness look.

Carl Mollins & me by Paul Chisholm

Paul Chisholm, originally from New Zealand and a longtime resident of Toronto, now living in Australia, wrote this story about my father, Carl Mollins, who died May 28, 2016, due to injuries caused by a fall during his daily walk on Toronto’s lakeshore.

Carl Mollins outside Prince Edward Mansions, W2, in London's Bayswater area in 2013. Photo by Tracey Mollins

Carl Mollins outside Prince Edward Mansions, W2, in London’s Bayswater area in 2013. Photo by Tracey Mollins

We first got to know each other in 1955. I had just arrived in London by boat train and was met by Morley Safer who, a day or two earlier, had run into an old high school mate in Trafalgar Square. His name was Carl Mollins and he was broke. Perhaps the three of us could share the cost of renting a flat?

London in the mid-50s was welcoming to us people from the colonies. You could enter the UK with little restriction and stay there for the rest of your days if you so wished. The downside was that the grim, post-war economy was still apparent and incomes were low.

Carefree Carl was in a dilemma. Having spent almost all of his money in Denmark, he casually thought he would work a month or two in London, have a good time and save his fare home.  As he was to learn, it would more likely take at least a year.

As neat appearance can be a deciding factor in getting a job, Carl needed new shoes to replace his worn and only pair. The sole of one of the old shoes was detached and was held together with string.  Me, fresh from Canada with cash, forked out the 30 shillings for replacements and Carl repaid at the rate of 10 shillings a month.

The new footwear paid off. Carl landed his first job in the book department of Whiteleys department store, a grand old institution close to where we lived in Bayswater. The pay was poor but there was a benefit. Carl would sometimes bring Penguin editions home to finish reading. These he took great care of and were not for my reading. Come morning, the books were dutifully returned to the shelves at Whiteleys where they belonged.

FullSizeRenderAs winter approached we had second thoughts about our Bayswater flat which was below ground level.  Shirts drying in the bathroom stayed damp and a green growth developed around the collars. Safer was returning to Canada and Carl and I sought new accommodation at Prince Edward Mansions on Hereford Road, a stately old multi-storey structure divided up for renters. Our portion was a spacious bedroom/lounge with shared kitchen and bathroom down the hall. With beds at either end and individual lamps we could read without disturbing the other. And for entertainment and extra warmth we invested in a second-hand radio and a kerosene heater.

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First photo taken of Carl Mollins and Joan Levett. By Paul Chisholm.

 

I think it was Carl’s keen sense of humour and bad jokes that first appealed to me. We experienced many common interests and values and shared the pleasures of theatre and concert halls. One thing I learned from Carl was not to touch my savings for getting back to New Zealand.  So we both managed to live and enjoy London on our slim earnings.

Paul Chisholm by the Serpentine in Hyde Park, London, with two friends from Prince Edward Mansions in Bayswater in 1955.

It was during that winter that Joan came on the scene. Not that she displaced me at Prince Edward Mansions: with the coming of spring I was about to take off to explore the British Isles and hitch-hike my way on continental Europe. Carl took over my job as a copy-taker at Westminster Press and eventually became an editorial assistant.

This was the start of his outstanding career in journalism. He was a clear and accurate writer, a perfectionist who provided readers with background, where needed, so that every item stood on its own. He was a kind, benevolent man with a strong sense of justice: the first to donate to a street person or busker. He was a proud Canadian too, but didn’t feel a need to talk it up. He loved children and introduced my young daughter to liquorice allsorts. Alas, they are something she can’t handle as an adult as she tends to scoff the lot in one sitting.

And now it’s Goodbye Carl.  To borrow from Aussie parlance: “you were a real good mate!”

Nothing needs adding to that.

–30–

Paul Chisholm

More obituaries:

Obituary for Carl Mollins

The Globe and Mail: Carl Mollins, 84, was a journalist’s journalist

The Stop Community Food Centre: Remembering Carl Mollins

Paul Chisholm: Carl Mollins & me

Cy Fox – Carl Mollins: Some notes

Maclean’s magazine:  Carl Mollins 1931 – 2016

Canadian Press: Journalist Carl Mollins of the Canadian Press, Maclean’s dead at 84

The Baron: Obituary – Carl Mollins

Rose’s Cantina: Carl Mollins – Renaissance Man 

Toronto Star: Death Notice

Globe and Mail: Death Notice